Simple Sentence Pattern I: Subject (S) + Predicate (P) (+ Adjuncts).
A. The Elements of a Subject
- Personal pronouns: I, you, we, he, she, and they.
- Proper nouns: John, Jane, Toyota, etc.
- Demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, and those.
- Numbers: one, two, etc.
- Nouns: computer, translation, activity, development, weakness, etc.
- Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, ours, his, hers, and theirs.
- Indefinite pronouns: somebody (= someone), everybody (= everyone), nobody (= no one), anybody (= anyone), something, everything, nothing, and anything.
- Gerunds: finding, seeing, making, getting, swimming, beginning, lying, etc.
- To infinitives: to find, to see, to make, to get, to swim, to begin, to lie, etc.
- Noun phrases: this computer, that computer, these computers, those computers, the computer, the computers, a computer, an activity, an hour, a university, some universities, many computers, some water, much water, a lot of computers, a lot of water, etc.
B. The Elements of a Predicate
- Be: am, is, and are.
- The elements of a subjective complement are the same as those of a subject, still there are three more elements:
- Adjectives: tired, busy, absent, etc.
- Adverbials of place: here, there, out, etc.
- Prepositional phrases: in danger, from America, for you, for me, for us, for him, for her, for them, etc.
The application of simple sentence pattern I in positive sentences:
- I am very tired today.
- He is very busy now.
- She is late again.
- You are here every Sunday.
- We are there on Mondays.
- They are out now.
- He and I are in the head office every Thursday.
- John is in the branch office on Wednesdays.
- Tom and Jane are in trouble now.
- The first is right.
- The second is wrong.
- This is Martin.
- That is Julia.
- One is enough.
- Two are more than enough.
- The first is right.
- The second is wrong.
- Susan is 17 (years old)
- This is for you and me.
- These are for him and her.
- That is for us.
- Those are for them.
- This is mine.
- That is yours.
- These are his.
- Those are hers.
- This is ours.
- That is theirs.
- Mine is only this.
- Yours is only that.
- Everybody (= Everyone) is friendly.
- Everything is available there.
- Nobody (= No one) is perfect.
- Nothing is useless here.
- This PC is powerful.
- That laptop is expensive.
- These notebooks are cheap.
- Those mainframes are sophisticated.
- My hobby is making a site about movies.
- Your job is to fix computers
- His cars are very old.
- Her motorcycles are new.
- Our flat is near here.
- Their office is a long way from here.
- Making a site about movies is my hobby. (To make a site about movies is my hobby)
- A computer is a machine.
- Computers are machines.
- He is a computer programmer.
- They are computer operators.
- The manager is he.
The application of simple sentence pattern 1 in negative sentences:
- I am not greedy.
- You are not (aren’t) a computer operator.
- Arthur is not a computer programmer.
- He is not ambitious.
- Ann is not (isn’t) conceited.
- She is not guilty.
- We are not systems analysts.
- Frank and Deborah are not mistaken.
- They are not obstinate.
The application of simple sentence pattern I in Yes / No questions:
- Am I wrong? Yes, you are.
- Are you busy today? No, I am not.
- Are Mr. and Mrs. James free on Fridays? Yes, they are.
- Is Arthur from England? No, he is not.
- Is this PC powerful? Yes, it is.
- Are those computers his? No, they are not.
The application of simple sentence pattern I in questions with question words:
- Why are his parents angry with him?
- Why is their teacher absent from work?
- Where are the employees today?
- What is your e-mail address?
- What is her mobile phone number?
- When is your birthday?
- Which is bigger, New York or Tokio?
- Who is absent from work today?
- Whom are you interested in?
- Whose is this?
- Whose laptop is this? (Whose is this laptop?)
- How is your mother today?
- How many staff members are present at this meeting?
- How old is the applicant?
- How wide is this screen?
- How far is the ATM from here?